Wisdom teeth removal surgery, also known as wisdom tooth extraction, is a dental procedure performed to eliminate the third set of molars, commonly referred to as "wisdom teeth." This procedure is typically necessary when these teeth become impacted.

This outpatient surgery is usually conducted under mild anesthesia. Recovery from wisdom teeth extraction can take up to six weeks, but most individuals can resume their regular activities within a day or two.

Understanding Wisdom Teeth Removal Surgery

Not everyone has wisdom teeth, but they typically appear between the ages of 17 and 25. These teeth often become impacted, meaning they lack sufficient space to emerge through the gums. Removing these teeth can prevent damage to the surrounding teeth.

Wisdom teeth removal surgery is typically performed by a dentist or oral surgeon. The procedure involves incising the gum and extracting the tooth, either as a whole or in sections. Anesthesia, delivered via gas or intravenously, is administered to manage pain, with the choice depending on the complexity of the surgery, the patient's comfort, and the number of teeth to be removed.

Purposes of Wisdom Tooth Removal Surgery

Dentists recommend wisdom tooth removal when an examination reveals that these teeth are impacted or have the potential to cause future problems. Beyond impaction, other reasons for extraction may include infection, signs of tooth decay, damage to surrounding teeth, periodontal (gum) disease, and bone loss around the underlying socket.

Preparing for Wisdom Teeth Removal

Your dentist may perform the surgery or refer you to a periodontal surgeon who will guide you in preparing for the surgery and post-operative recovery. Discussion regarding the anesthesia type and cost should be part of your preparation. It is advisable to check with your insurance provider to understand the extent of coverage.

Preparing for recovery can involve purchasing soft or liquid foods like smoothies, applesauce, oatmeal, and yogurt to facilitate eating during the healing period.

What to Expect on the Day of Surgery

Arriving at your appointment at least 15 to 30 minutes early allows you to complete any required forms and undergo additional X-rays, if necessary.

During the surgery

  1. Sedation: You may receive nitrous oxide or intravenous sedation, ensuring you are pain-free during the procedure.
  2. Local numbing: Local anesthesia is administered via injection to numb the wisdom tooth and surrounding gums.
  3. Tissue resection: The surgeon removes gum tissue to expose the wisdom tooth more effectively.
  4. Bone resection: If the tooth is covered with bone, high-speed tools are used to remove the bone covering.
  5. Loosening and sectioning: The surgeon gently loosens the tooth from connective tissue, sometimes cutting it into sections for easier removal.
  6. Tooth extraction: Special instruments are used to extract the tooth.
  7. Closure: Dissolvable stitches are employed to close the wound, eliminating the need for removal.

During the first 24 hours after surgery, it is important to:

  • Avoid vigorous mouth rinsing or drinking through a straw.
  • Abstain from alcohol and alcohol-based mouthwash.
  • Be gentle when brushing your teeth near the extraction site, preferably using a soft manual toothbrush.
  • Expect some pain, bleeding, and swelling for several days, potentially limiting your ability to open your mouth fully.

    • While complete healing may take up to six weeks, most individuals can resume their regular activities within one to two days. When considering driving, it's advisable to wait at least 24 hours to allow the anesthesia to wear off, and a longer wait may be necessary if you are using prescription painkillers. Discuss this with your surgeon.